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Plant library  ·  Shrubs

Croton

Codiaeum variegatum

Croton is a tropical evergreen shrub grown for bold, multicolored foliage. At about 6 feet tall and 4 feet wide, it brings a strong vertical and color presence to a planting rather than reading as low filler. Use its broad form to anchor a warm-season border, punctuate a foundation bed, or give a large container a lasting focal point. In colder areas, it can serve as a seasonal outdoor accent or live indoors.

  • Deer resistant
Sunlight Partial Sun
Water Moderate
USDA zones 10–11
Spacing 3.5 ft
Mature size 6 ft tall, 4 ft wide

Placement and use

Set croton where its foliage can stand against quieter green planting or a simple wall, rather than crowding it into a mixed border of equally busy leaves. Partial sun suits the planting plan, while brighter light can help preserve stronger leaf color. Leave a clear approach from a path or patio edge so the shrub remains easy to water, move, and enjoy at close range. Containers are especially useful where winter weather requires the plant to come indoors.[1][2]

Spacing and mature footprint

Space plants 3½ feet apart, center to center, for a grouped display with foliage masses that nearly meet as they fill out. A mature plant can occupy about 4 feet of width, so reserve the outer edge of that footprint away from narrow walks, doors, and low plants that need sun. In a bed, position it behind shorter foreground layers or at a corner where its 6-foot height will not block circulation.

Three plants set 3.5 ft apart, center to center; shaded circles show the 4 ft mature spread.

Sun, water, and soil

Give croton partial sun and moderate water, placing it where routine irrigation can reach the root zone without turning the bed soggy. In a container, use a potting mix that drains readily and choose a pot with drainage holes. A sheltered, warm position helps the plant hold its place in the design through the growing season.[1][2]

Seasonal notes

Croton is perennial in USDA Zones 10 and 11, where it can hold a year-round role as an evergreen shrub. Elsewhere, treat it as a warm-season container or bedding accent and plan its removal or move indoors before cold weather. Bring container plants inside when nighttime temperatures approach 50°F, keeping the pot near bright light for winter display.[1]

Planning caveats

Do not make croton the only structural planting along an exposed, frost-prone edge. Frost and freezes can damage outdoor growth, interrupting the foliage display that gives the plant its value in the plan. In marginal locations, keep it in a movable container or place it where replacement with another seasonal accent will not leave a conspicuous gap.[2]

Growing facts

Botanical name
Codiaeum variegatum
Type
Shrub
Category
Shrubs
Lifecycle
perennial
USDA hardiness zones
10–11
Sunlight
Partial Sun
Water
Moderate
Plant spacing
3.5 ft
Mature size
6 ft tall, 4 ft wide
Pollinator friendly
No
Deer resistant
Yes
Native to North America
No

References

  1. Variagated Croton - Codiaeum variegatum — North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox
  2. Crotons — UF/IFAS Gardening Solutions

Editorial content updated 2026-07-20.