Garden Scheme

Plant library  ·  Perennial Flowers

Yarrow

Achillea millefolium

Yarrow is a long-blooming perennial with flat-topped flower clusters that carry color from early summer into early fall. At about 2½ feet tall, it makes a useful middle layer in a sunny border, or a looser filler in meadow-style planting. Its fine foliage and broad flower heads create a soft, horizontal effect among more upright or bolder-leaved perennials.

  • Pollinator friendly
  • Deer resistant
  • Native to North America
Sunlight Full Sun
Water Low
USDA zones 3–9
Spacing 1.5 ft
Mature size 2.5 ft tall, 2 ft wide
Bloom Early summer - early fall

Placement and use

Use yarrow where full sun and a low-water planting style meet: along the open face of a mixed border, in broad drifts beside a path, or through a sunny naturalized area. Keep it out of tight formal edging, where its spreading habit can crowd neighboring plants and make the line harder to maintain. Its pollinator-friendly flowers and deer resistance suit exposed beds where browsing pressure or dry conditions limit other perennial choices.

Spacing and mature footprint

Set plants 18 inches apart, center to center, for a connected planting that fills in quickly. A mature clump can reach about 2 feet wide, so leave a reachable edge from a path or maintenance gap rather than packing it against walls, steps, or slower-growing neighbors. In repeated groups, allow the flower heads to overlap visually while retaining enough access to deadhead and divide plants if needed.

Three plants set 1.5 ft apart, center to center; shaded circles show the 2 ft mature spread.

Sun, water, and soil

Place yarrow in full sun, where it can remain part of a low-water bed after establishment. Good drainage is important when choosing its position; avoid low spots that stay wet or sites that collect runoff from roofs and paving. In richer soil, reserve a little extra elbow room for the stems and keep it away from plants that need consistently moist ground.[1][2]

Seasonal notes

The main display runs from early summer into early fall, making yarrow a useful bridge between spring-flowering perennials and later-season border plants. Position it behind low early-season edging or bulbs, then let its roughly 2½-foot stems carry the bed through summer. Removing spent flower clusters can extend the bloom period and reduces the chance of unwanted seedlings beyond the intended planting area.[1]

Planning caveats

Yarrow can spread by rhizomes as well as seed, so give it a defined zone instead of threading single plants between delicate, slow-to-expand perennials. Inspect the outer edge of a drift as part of routine bed maintenance, especially near lawns, narrow paths, and neighboring planting areas. Divide expanding clumps when they begin to exceed the space assigned to them.[1][3]

Growing facts

Botanical name
Achillea millefolium
Type
Perennial
Category
Perennial Flowers
Lifecycle
perennial
USDA hardiness zones
3–9
Sunlight
Full Sun
Water
Low
Plant spacing
1.5 ft
Mature size
2.5 ft tall, 2 ft wide
Bloom season
Early summer - early fall
Pollinator friendly
Yes
Deer resistant
Yes
Native to North America
Yes

References

  1. Achillea millefolium — North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox
  2. Achillea — Royal Horticultural Society
  3. Achillea millefolium | common yarrow — Royal Horticultural Society

Editorial content updated 2026-07-20.